| Hello, *|NOME|* The new IMDS presentation, monetary poverty of children and adolescents in Brazil: 2020-2021, updates the indicators of this portion of the population, using the most recent microdata from the Continuous PNAD. In addition, the characteristics of household income and conditions for the development of skills of individuals between 0 and 17 years of age are analyzed, comparing the poor population with those belonging to households among the 20% highest incomes. The data show the numbers of monetary poverty of children and adolescents in a period of great concern of society and public policy managers – the second year of the Covid-19 pandemic. In the analyses performed, the data available in the panel of indicators of Children and Adolescents were used – in which it is possible to select the historical series and the poverty line (regional or national). Between 2020 and 2021, there was an increase of 7.8 percentage points in the number of poor children and adolescents, which is equivalent to an addition of 4.11 million children and adolescents in poverty. It is noteworthy that the first measures taken by the federal government in relation to the Bolsa Família Program (PBF), such as the increase of 150 reais per child up to 6 years of age added to the basic benefit, seem to prioritize the search for restraints in increasing poverty among children and adolescents. For the measurement of monetary poverty, the regionalized line proposed by Ipea, IBGE and ECLAC was used, updated for the reference period. As is widely known, monetary poverty metrics are less subjective and are based on better-founded parameters than other dimensions of poverty. For the top 20% highest incomes, the per capita household incomes in Brazil - or of the reference region - were considered, and visitors may choose either reference. The share of household income from work and the share of household income from social transfers are some of the indicators that characterize household income among this portion of the population exposed to poverty. To measure and compare conditions favorable to human development, the study highlights some relevant characteristics, such as the percentage of individuals living with guardians who did not complete elementary school (47.9% among the poor and only 4.0% among the richest 20%) and the percentage of individuals aged 2 years or more (13.9% among the poor and 2.6% among the richest 20%). These are significant discrepancies that would inhibit human development of a portion of the population of young children. In general, the material provides subsidies for the identification of signs of low intergenerational mobility at the base of the social pyramid, which should cause greater concern to those formulators and implementers of public policies whose aim is the accumulation of greater human capital among the poorest in the country. The aim of the presentation is to articulate information that helps in the definition of interventions to reduce inequalities, providing greater social mobility. Therefore, we invite the public to visit our website and explore the data discussed in the latest presentation. See you in the next IMDS Letter! Paulo Tafner CEO | 
